On April 9, 2025, President Donald Trump announced a significant shift in U.S. trade policy by implementing a 90-day pause on most of his previously announced reciprocal tariffs. This decision came shortly after the initial tariff announcements had caused financial and political turmoil. While the pause offers temporary relief, the administration maintained a 10% global tariff and notably increased tariffs on Chinese imports to 125%, citing China’s “lack of respect” toward global markets.
The unexpected announcement was made via a Truth Social post during a Congressional hearing, catching many lawmakers and officials off guard. U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer and Deputy Treasury Secretary Michael Faulkender, who were addressing Congress at the time, appeared unaware of the change, leading to frustration over the lack of communication and clarity regarding the administration’s tariff strategy.
The market responded positively to the tariff pause, with the S&P 500 surging 9.5% and the Dow Jones Industrial Average gaining a record 2,962.86 points (7.9%) to close at 40,608.45. This rally was seen as a reaction to the alleviation of immediate fears of inflation and recession that had emerged during the week-long market slump.
Bill Gross, the former chief investment officer of Pacific Investment Management Co. (PIMCO), expressed apprehension regarding the market’s reliance on unpredictable policy decisions. In a post on X (formerly Twitter), Gross wrote:
“My portfolio of defensive stocks is green so I don’t begrudge today’s market. But I ask you, would you want to own highly volatile US stocks whose price depends on whether POTUS had a good night’s sleep and woke up the next morning to reverse yesterday’s policies?”
However, the substantial increase in tariffs on Chinese goods to 125% indicates a continued hardline stance toward China, with potential implications for global supply chains and U.S. manufacturing costs. Analysts view this move as a possible negotiating tactic, aiming to address concerns over China’s trade practices while easing tensions with other U.S. allies.
In response to the tariff adjustments, businesses that had previously taken rapid measures to adapt to the initial tariff announcements are now faced with decisions on whether to reverse course. For instance, Nintendo had delayed U.S. preorder dates for the upcoming Switch 2 due to market uncertainties, and Jaguar Land Rover, along with Audi, had paused U.S. car shipments. The temporary pause may prompt these companies to reassess their strategies in light of the evolving trade landscape.
While the tariff pause has provided temporary relief, the mixed reactions from lawmakers and the business community underscore the complexities and uncertainties surrounding current U.S. trade policy. The administration’s approach continues to draw both praise and criticism, reflecting the broader debate over the effectiveness and impact of tariffs on the U.S. economy and its global trading relationships.